Real estate notes blog


Segment of home Candle line

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 27th, 2008

A candle line is the basic symbol representing the change of data in a candle chart.

The candle line consists of a body (a rectangular box or a horizontal line segment), an optional upper shadow (a vertical line segment) and an optional lower shadow (a vertical line segment).

The body represents the interval between the opening and closing value of the data being charted over the period covered by the candle line (e.g., one day’s price movement in a stock). The body will be a different color depending on whether the value rose or fell between the opening and closing. If the closing value is equal to the opening value, the body has no height and is shown simply as a horizontal line segment. The width of the body usually has no particular relation to the length of the period being measured.

An upper shadow represents the excursion of the value above the body during the period; and a lower shadow represents the excursion of the value below the real body during the period.


See also

  • Candlestick chart

Independent subsidiary of Realogy Jumbo Video

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 26th, 2008

Jumbo Video is a chain of video stores owned by Le SuperClub Vidéotron, a subsidiary of Quebecor Media Inc..

The company was founded in May 1987. The video game subsidiary Microplay was founded in the late 1990s in order to facilitate the rentals of video games. In 2004, due to financial issues, the chain was purchased by Quebecor Media.

The chain’s previous parent company, Jumbo Entertainment Inc., has been restructured and renamed West 49 Inc. following a “reverse takeover” by the clothing retailer.


External links

  • Official Website

Trading Sunday Trading Act 1994

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 26th, 2008

The Sunday Trading Act 1994 is a UK law governing a shop’s right to trade on a Sunday.

Buying and selling on Sunday had been banned in the UK by the Shops Act 1950, but after the accession of the UK to the European Economic Community, the ban may have been in breach of Article 30 of the Treaty of Rome as amounting to an unlawful restraint on the free movement of goods.

Following the defeat of a bill to enable widespread Sunday trading in April 1986, compromise legislation was introduced in July 1994 in England and Wales, coming into force on 28 August 1994, allowing shops to open, but restricting opening times of larger stores i.e. those over 280 m2 (3,014 ft2) to a maximum of six hours. Large retail park shops usually open 11am-5pm with supermarkets more usually choosing 10am-4pm

Shops in Scotland, where Sunday trading was already fully deregulated, retained the right to open at any time. However the right for workers in Scotland to refuse to work on a Sunday was later conferred by the Sunday Working (Scotland) Act 2003.

The Sunday Trading Bill had met with considerable opposition from the Lord’s Day Observance Society and other groups such as the Christian Keep Sunday Special and the shopworkers’ trade union USDAW. However USDAW finally agreed to support 6 hour Sunday trading in return for a promise that Sunday working would be strictly voluntary and premium pay would be offered. This decision played an important role in encouraging many Labour MPs to back the bill in a free vote-without this it would almost certainly have failed.


See also

  • Sunday shopping
  • Blue law (US and Canada)
  • Sabbatarianism


External links

  • The Sunday Trading Act

Founded as Electronic Realty Philippine Internet Commerce Society

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 25th, 2008

The Philippine Internet Commerce Society (PICS) is an advocacy group which promotes electronic commerce in the Philippines. It was founded in 1997.

It successfully lobbied for the passage of the eCommerce Act in 2000. It sponsors the annual National eCommerce Congress and Exhibit, which began in 2002, and organizes the Annual PICS-IT SME awards recognizing small and medium enterprises across the Philippines who have chosen to embrace electronic commerce.
The president of PICS is Mary Anne D. Tolentino.


External link

  • Philippine Internet Commerce Society. Official site.
  • DMOZ Philippines E-Commerce

Cendant Corporation and Tokyu

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 25th, 2008

Tokyu may refer to:

  • Tokyu Group, a group of companies centered around Tokyu Corporation

    • Tokyu Corporation, a Japanese railway company, the largest member of the group

      • Tokyu Car Corporation, a Japanese railway vehicle manufacturer
    • Tokyu Hands Creative Life Store, a member of the Tokyu Group (see Tokyu Group for more subsidiaries)

Property market. Examples include Characterization (mathematics)

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 25th, 2008

In the jargon of mathematics, the statement that “Property P characterizes object X” means, not simply that X has property P, but that X is the only thing that has property P. It is also common to find statements such as “Property Q characterises Y up to isomorphism”. The first type of statement says in different words that the extension of P is a singleton set. The second says that the extension of Q is a single equivalence class (for isomorphism, in the given example — depending on how up to is being used, some other equivalence relation might be involved).


Examples

  • “Among probability distributions on the interval from 0 to ∞ on the real line, memorylessness characterizes the exponential distributions.” This statement means that the exponential distributions are the only probability distributions that are memoryless.
  • “According to Bohr-Mollerup theorem, among all functions f such that f(1) = 1 and x f(x) = f(x + 1) for x > 0, log-convexity characterizes the gamma function.” This means that among all such functions, the gamma function is the only one that is log-convex. (A function f is log-convex iff log(f) is a convex. The base of the logarithm does not matter as long as it is more than 1, but conventionally mathematicians take “log” with no subscript to mean the natural logarithm, whose base is e.)
  • The circle is characterized as a manifold by being one-dimensional, compact and connected; here the characterization, as a smooth manifold, is up to diffeomorphism.

1972. edit See Edit

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 25th, 2008

Edit means to revise, correct, or improve, and may also refer to:

  • edIT, an American electronic DJ and producer
  • Edit (application), a simple text editor for the Apple Macintosh.
  • Edit (MS-DOS), a plain-text editor for MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows
  • “Edit” (song), a song by Regina Spektor from her 2006 album Begin to Hope
  • A form of the female given name Edith


See also

  • Editor (disambiguation)
  • Editing

Real estate trends Internet Listing Display

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 22nd, 2008

Internet Listing Display (ILD) is a set of rules put forth by the National Association of Realtors that regulate how homes and properties can be displayed on Web sites. The ILD policy consolidates and replaces both the Virtual Office Website (VOW) and Internet Data Exchange (IDX) policies to create one set of rules.

The ILD policy is a work in progress created as a result of investigation from the U.S. Department of Justice into anti-competitive practices by traditional real estate brokers. The ILD policy is intended to prevent traditional brokers from solely excluding their property listings from selected discount broker Web sites, since they must “opt out” from display on all other brokers’ sites
[1] NAR’s ILD policy: “Unless state law requires prior written consent, each Participant’s consent for display of that Participant’s listings on the ILD site of other MLS Participants is presumed unless a Participant affirmatively notifies the MLS in writing that it has withdrawn consent to such display (“opt out”).

A Participant that opts out may not display on its ILD site(s) (including by framing any other website), if any, the listings of any other MLS Participant provided by the MLS.

A Participant that opts out may not permit display of its listings on any ILD site of any other Participant. It may, however, display its listings on public websites of third parties, including but not limited to Realtor.com.

A decision to opt out may not be revoked for a period of ninety (90) days from the date the decision becomes effective.”


See also

  • Virtual Office Website (VOW)
  • Internet Data Exchange (IDX)
  • Real estate trends


References

  • ILD Latest News Retrieved November 20, 2005
  • ILD Policy ILD Internet Listing Display policy Retrieved November 7, 2005

Income property garden real Inverewe Garden

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 22nd, 2008

Inverewe Garden is a botanical garden in Scottish Highlands. It is located just to the north of Poolewe in Wester Ross.

The garden was created in 1862 by Osgood Mackenzie on the estate surrounding Inverewe House. It covers some 20 ha (50 acres) and includes more than 2500 species of exotic plants. The garden has since 1952 been the property of the National Trust for Scotland.


External links

  • Inverewe Garden information at the National Trust of Scotland
  • Inverewe Garden — Treasure of Britain
  • Inverewe Garden — About Scotland
  • Inverewe Garden — Gardens-Scotland
  • Inverewe Garden — Undiscovered Scotland
  • Inverewe Garden — Na Fir Chlis Guest House
  • Inverewe Garden — AboutBritain.com

Describes a specific Scaphocephaly

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 22nd, 2008

Scaphocephaly, derived from the Greek skaphe (a light boat or skiff), describes a specific. variety of a long narrow head that resembles an inverted boat. It is a type of cephalic disorder which occurs when there is premature fusion of the sagittal suture. The sagittal suture joins together the two parietal bones of skull. Scaphocephaly is the most common of the craniostenoses and is characterized by a long, narrow head.


External links

  • NINDS Overview
  • Illustration

Of the property market. Public property

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 22nd, 2008

Public property is land which is owned by a government or community, as opposed to private property, which is any property than is not public property, which may be owned by individuals, groups of individuals (such as corporation). In many republican democracies, “public property” is said to be owned by the people as a commons. (In other types of state, such property is said to be owned by the “state” or the “crown”.)

Most public property is accessible to the general public, such as zoos, libraries, and parks; some is reserved for restricted use, such as military bases and research laboratories.


See also

  • Public space

Buyers Buyer

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 22nd, 2008
For a name, see Bayer or Beyer or Beyers.

A buyer is any person who contracts to acquire an asset in return for some form of consideration.

When someone gets characterised by their role as buyer of certain assets, the term “buyer” gets new meaning:

A “merchandiser” or buyer is a person who purchases finished goods, typically for resale, for a firm, government, or organization. (A person who purchases material used to make goods is sometimes called a purchasing agent.)

In product management, buyer is the entity that decides to obtain the product.

A buyer’s primary responsibility is obtaining the highest quality goods at the lowest cost. This usually requires research, writing requests for bids, proposals or quotes, and evaluation information received.


See also

  • Agent
  • Broker
  • Merchant
  • Buyer’s rights


External links

  • Career: Buyers and Purchasing Agents
  • Purchasing Managers, Buyers, and Purchasing Agents

Founded by Jim Jackson Ashley’s Hundred

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 21st, 2008

Ashley’s Hundred refers to the men who responded in 1822 to the flyer, “To Enterprising Young Men: The Subscriber wishes to engage One Hundred men to ascend the River Missouri to its source to be employed for one, two, or three years…”

The flyer was a recruitment for the first of several fur-trapping expeditions to the Rocky Mountains organized by William Henry Ashley and Andrew Henry.

See also: Rocky Mountain Fur Company.


Ashley’s Hundred

  • Jim Beckwourth
  • Jim Bridger
  • Carpenter
  • Mike Fink
  • John Fitzgerald
  • Tom Fitzpatrick
  • Hugh Glass
  • David Jackson
  • Jedediah Smith
  • William Sublette
  • Talbeau Talbott?

Realogy on August List of asteroids/108901–109000

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 20th, 2008

|-
| 108901 - || || August 10, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108902 - || || August 10, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108903 - || || August 11, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108904 - || || August 11, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108905 - || || August 11, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108906 - || || August 11, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108907 - || || August 8, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108908 - || || August 8, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108909 - || || August 8, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108910 - || || August 8, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108911 - || || August 11, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108912 - || || August 11, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108913 - || || August 12, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108914 - || || August 12, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108915 - || || August 7, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108916 - || || August 8, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108917 - || || August 15, 2001 || Emerald Lane || L. Ball
|-
| 108918 - || || August 13, 2001 || Kvistaberg || Uppsala-DLR Asteroid Survey
|-
| 108919 - || || August 8, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108920 - || || August 9, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108921 - || || August 9, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108922 - || || August 9, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108923 - || || August 9, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108924 - || || August 10, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108925 - || || August 10, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108926 - || || August 10, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108927 - || || August 10, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108928 - || || August 10, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108929 - || || August 10, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108930 - || || August 10, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108931 - || || August 10, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108932 - || || August 10, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108933 - || || August 10, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108934 - || || August 11, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108935 - || || August 11, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108936 - || || August 11, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108937 - || || August 11, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108938 - || || August 11, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108939 - || || August 11, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108940 - || || August 11, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108941 - || || August 11, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108942 - || || August 11, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108943 - || || August 11, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108944 - || || August 11, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108945 - || || August 11, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108946 - || || August 11, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108947 - || || August 13, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108948 - || || August 14, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108949 - || || August 14, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108950 - || || August 14, 2001 || San Marcello || A. Boattini, L. Tesi
|-
| 108951 - || || August 15, 2001 || Reedy Creek || J. Broughton
|-
| 108952 - || || August 15, 2001 || San Marcello || M. Tombelli, A. Boattini
|-
| 108953 - || || August 13, 2001 || Uccle || T. Pauwels
|-
| 108954 - || || August 10, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108955 - || || August 10, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108956 - || || August 10, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108957 - || || August 10, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108958 - || || August 10, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108959 - || || August 10, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108960 - || || August 10, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108961 - || || August 10, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108962 - || || August 10, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108963 - || || August 10, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108964 - || || August 10, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108965 - || || August 11, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108966 - || || August 11, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108967 - || || August 11, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108968 - || || August 11, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108969 - || || August 11, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108970 - || || August 11, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108971 - || || August 12, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108972 - || || August 12, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108973 - || || August 12, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108974 - || || August 13, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108975 - || || August 15, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108976 - || || August 11, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108977 - || || August 13, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108978 - || || August 13, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108979 - || || August 3, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108980 - || || August 3, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108981 - || || August 14, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108982 - || || August 14, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-
| 108983 - || || August 14, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108984 - || || August 15, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108985 - || || August 15, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108986 - || || August 15, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108987 - || || August 15, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108988 - || || August 14, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108989 - || || August 14, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108990 - || || August 14, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108991 - || || August 14, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108992 - || || August 14, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108993 - || || August 14, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108994 - || || August 14, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108995 - || || August 14, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108996 - || || August 13, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108997 - || || August 13, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108998 - || || August 13, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 108999 - || || August 13, 2001 || Haleakala || NEAT
|-
| 109000 - || || August 3, 2001 || Palomar || NEAT
|-

Real Estate founded Jeonse

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 20th, 2008

Jeonse (전세) is a real estate term unique to South Korea that refers to the way apartments are leased. Instead of paying monthly rent, a renter will make a lump-sum deposit on a rental space, at anywhere from 50-100% of the market value. At the end of the contract, usually two or three years, the landlord returns the amount in its entirety to the renter. This practice is especially used during times of high interest rates, where landlords can make alternative investments during lease periods to make their profits. The homeowner is free to invest the deposit as he or she wants, as long as the same amount of money is returned to the tenant at the end of the contract.

During times of lower interest rates, the wolse (월세), or monthly rent, is more often used. With a wolse lease, a renter will sign a one or two-year lease and make a deposit on the apartment equal to perhaps 10% of the market value. The renter then pays monthly rent.

This system is popular for two main reasons. First, there are very few mortgages in South Korea, limiting consumer ability to own a home. Also, real-estate prices continue to increase at large rates during what some see as a worldwide housing bubble.


See also

  • Real estate in South Korea

Estate Real estate Farm property

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 20th, 2008

Farm property is a niche in the real estate market specialising in either agricultural estates or leisure developments planned in an agricultural setting.

  • FarmingUK Agricultural Properties around the UK
  • Equestrian Real Estate Property Network Farms Properties Specializing in Horses

Real estate broker Real Melvin Swig

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 20th, 2008

Melvin Swig was a San Francisco real estate developer and philanthropist.

Mel Swig was born in Boston, and was a son of Benjamin Swig. He graduated from Brown University in 1939. Swig was a real estate developer and philanthropist, in San Francisco and New York. He was heir to the Saint Francis Hotel chain, and former chairman of the Swig, Weiler & Dinner Development Company, of San Francisco and Manhattan, a family-owned real estate company with holdings including the Fairmont Hotels. Swig served in the United States Army in World War II and later moved to San Francisco.

In San Francisco, Swig was President of the Jewish Community Federation and the Jewish Community Endowment Fund. He established a program for Judaic studies and was chairman of the University of San Francisco. Swig married the former Charlotte Mailliard. After his death, she later married George Pratt Shultz.


External links

Waterfront homes Tennōzu Isle Station

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 19th, 2008
is a railway station in Shinagawa Ward, Tokyo.


Lines

  • Tokyo Monorail

    • Haneda Line
  • Tokyo Waterfront Area Rapid Transit
    • Rinkai Line


Adjacent stations

Cendant Corporation Keppel Corporation

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 17th, 2008

Keppel Corporation Limited is a Singaporean company with diversified operations, particularly in the real property investment, offshore and marine, and infrastructure sectors. It was one of the earliest Singaporean companies to regionalise, and has since established itself as one of the more prominent Singapore multinational corporations.

It is listed and has performed well on the Singapore Exchange over the last 4 years, paying out steady dividends and having annual capital reductions. Its share price has tripled over the last 4 years and is trading at about S$10.10 in mid-March at approximately 18x P/E.


External links

  • Keppel Corporation

1972. Indonesia at the 1972 Summer Olympics

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 16th, 2008

Indonesia competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.

Contents


Results by event


Archery

Women’s Individual Competition:

  • Tjoeij Lin Alienilin - 2100 points (37th place)


Diving

Women’s 3m Springboard:

  • Mirnawati Hardjolukito - 188.94 points (30th place)


Reference

  • Official Olympic Reports

Real Estate founded as Tamares Real Estate Investments

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 16th, 2008

Tamares Real Estate Investments is a privately owned real estate investment company based in London. Tamares is the largest land holder in Las Vegas, Nevada. They acquire and operate their properties.


Offices

  • London
  • New York City
  • Tel Aviv, Israel


Investments include

  • 1500 Broadway
  • The Gold Spike
  • The Plaza
  • The Vegas Club
  • The Western
  • Queen of Hearts Hotel & Casino
  • Nevada Hotel & Casino

Which potential Extracellular field potential

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 15th, 2008

The extracellular field potential is the electrical potential produced by cells, e.g. nerve or muscle cells, outside of the cell. Electrophysiological studies investigate these potentials using extracellular microelectrodes. In these experiments the extracellular field potential will be detected as an electrical potential whose source and composition is often ambiguous, making its interpretation difficult. Individual nerve cells neurons may produce spikes seen as peaks of some tens to hundreds of microvolts. Contributions from neighbouring neurons may overlap, producing extracellular potentials of up to several millivolts. Spatially integrating over even larger populations of cells, i.e. lumps of nervous or muscular tissue, will produce signals commonly called local field potentials (LFP) that can be recorded with suitable equipment at the body surface as, e.g., electroencephalogram (EEG), electrocardiogram (ECG), or electromyogram (EMG).

For individual cells, the time course of the extracellular potential theoretically is inversely proportional to the transmembrane current. In practice, however, this is complicated considerably by the very complex morphology of neurons and the overlap of contributions from adjacent cells.

External links ERA National Eiwa

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 14th, 2008

Eiwa (永和) was a Japanese era of the Northern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts lasting from 1379 to 1381. Reigning Emperors were Chōkei in the south and Go-En’yū in the north.


Southern Court Equivalents

Equestrian property Kimberly Severson

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 13th, 2008

Kimberly (”Kim”) Severson (born August 22, 1973 in Tucson, Arizona) is an international event rider, who began riding at a young age. She took several years of dressage lessons before training in eventing, and began with a background in Pony Club. One of her first upper level event horses was Jerry McGerry, whom she took intermediate.

She currently lives in Keene, Virginia. Her most well known mount is the English Thoroughbred gelding Winsome Adante (aka “Dan”) owned by Linda Wachtmeister and Plain Dealing Farm.


Awards

  • 1999 Rolex Kentucky CCI*** First Place with Over the Limit
  • USEA’s Lady Rider of the Year 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005
  • 2002 World Equestrian Games in Jerez, Spain Team Gold with Winsome Adante
  • 2002 Rolex Kentucky CCI**** First Place with Winsome Adante
  • 2004 Rolex Kentucky CCI**** First Place (full format with steeplechase) with Winsome Adante
  • 2004 Athens Olympics Individual Silver Medal and Team Bronze with Winsome Adante
  • 2005 Rolex Kentucky CCI**** First Place with Winsome Adante
  • 2006 FEI World Equestrian Games 17th Individually with Winsome Adante - Team finished 4th
  • 2007 The Fork CICW-*** First Place with Winsome Adante
  • 2007 Badminton CCI**** Third Place with Winsome Adante

Classified Al Wafa (Israel)

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 13th, 2008
There is another organization named Al Wafa, which is alleged to have been founded in Afghanistan and tied to terrorism.
There is another organization Jamaiat Al-Wafa LiRayat Al-Musenin which is proscribed by the Israeli government.

Al Wafa is an Islamic charity.
Its publicly stated goals are

  • To provide financial, health, and educational support for poor families;
  • To care for orphans, old women, and sick people;
  • To improve the status of women, to improve women’s education and social standing.

The United States has classified it as an organization with ties to al Qaeda.

The unclassified portion of the records from the Combatant Status Review Tribunal of Yemeni citizen Jamal Muhammad Alawi Mar’i suggests being a volunteer or an employee of the Al Wafa charity, and another charity, Al Haramayn, that the United States were major reasons why he was classified as a “illegal combatant”.


See also

  • charities accused of ties to terrorism


References

  1. Al Wafa official site

Agent Real Election agent

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 13th, 2008

In elections in the United Kingdom, as well as in certain other similar political systems such as India’s, an election agent is the person legally responsible for the conduct of a candidate’s political campaign and to whom election material is sent to by those running the election. In elections in the United Kingdom a candidate may be his or her own election agent.

In Canada and most of Canada’s provinces, an election agent is legally referred to as an official agent.

Election agents are responsible for sanctioning all expenditure on the candidate’s campaign, for maintaining the accuracy of and submitting to the returning officer the candidate’s expenses and other documents, as well as deciding whether to contest the result of a count. Agents are also permitted to oversee the polling and counting of votes to ensure the accuracy and impartiality of the election, and may appoint polling and counting agents to assist them in these tasks. The number of polling and counting agents that can be appointed is determined by the returning officer of the election and they must be appointed by a set date laid out in the timetable of the election.

Agents must have reached the age of majority and not be acting as a clerk or officer to the returning officer in the given election. Where a candidate does not nominate an agent, they are their own agent.

The larger parties typically pay their election agents, and the rôle is gradually becoming a professional one as the similar (but not equivalent) role of campaign managers is in the United States.


See also

  • Teller (elections)
  • Polling agent
  • Counting agent
  • Campaign manager


External links

  • Guide to the (British) role

Specific segment of home IBIS Interconnect Modeling Specification

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 13th, 2008

The IBIS Interconnect Modeling Specification (ICM) is a behavioral, ASCII-based file format for distributing passive interconnect modeling information. The format and style of ICM are highly similar to the Input Output Buffer Information Specification (IBIS), and both specifications are managed by the same organization, the IBIS Open Forum. Interconnects under ICM may be represented through tabular frequency-dependent RLGC matrices or through S-parameters in separate Touchstone® files. ICM models define interconnects as consisting of one or more segments. Segment topologies are described in terms of the arrangements of their nodes relative to pin or port lists. The electrical behaviors for each segment are then defined. Interconnects may be grouped into families with similar characteristics or sharing identical segment definitions.

As of 2006, ICM version 1.1 has been standardized in the US through both the GEIA and ANSI as ANSI GEIA-STD-0001.


External links

  • Official IBIS and ICM website

Vacation property Vacation (album)

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 13th, 2008

Vacation was the Go-Go’s second album, released in 1982. Both “Vacation” and “Cool Jerk” scored on the pop charts, and the Go-Go’s were riding high at this time, the group’s future to all outward appearances looking bright. Signs of future problems were beginning to show however, as the members’ drug use and internal fighting began to escalate.

The song “Vacation” was issued as what was perhaps the first cassette single.


Track listing

  1. Vacation (Caffey, Valentine, Wiedlin) – 2:59
  2. He’s So Strange (Caffey, Custis, Phillips, Wiedlin) – 2:58
  3. Girl Of 100 Lists (Wiedlin) – 2:20
  4. We Don’t Get Along (Valentine) – 2:46
  5. I Think It’s Me (Caffey, Carlisle) – 2:42
  6. It’s Everything But Partytime (Schock, Wiedlin) – 3:21
  7. Get Up And Go (Caffey, Wiedlin) – 3:18
  8. This Old Feeling (Caffey, Wiedlin) – 3:06
  9. Cool Jerk (Storball) – 2:53
  10. The Way You Dance (Caffey, Valentine, Wiedlin) – 2:56
  11. Beatnik Beach (Caffey, Carlisle) – 2:53
  12. Worlds Away (Valentine, Wiedlin) – 4:00


References in popular culture

  • “Vacation” was featured in Michael Moore’s Fahrenheit 9/11, as footage was shown of President George W. Bush playing golf prior to the 9/11 attacks.
  • The single is also heard in The Simpsons episode “Mobile Homer”.
  • The single is also heard in the Rugrats Special Vacation. *The producers and cast of the Rugrats also permissively rewrote words to the single, basing it on the special episode, and recorded it with Cheryl Chase singing.
  • The single is also heard in a commercial for Priceline.com (the ‘More ways to save’ commercial).
  • Kelly Clarkson covered the song in the 2003 film From Justin to Kelly.
  • The single is also heard in the Duckman episode In The Nam of The Father.
  • The single is also used in the Scrubs episode “My Conventional Wisdom”
  • The single was used in the American theatrical trailers to the British film, Mr. Bean’s Holiday.
  • The single is used as the title theme to the short “Pikachu’s Vacation” preceding .

They seek. They Safari Software

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 13th, 2008

Safari Software was a software developer and published founded circa 1989 in Houston, Texas. Patrick Aalto prior to founding Safari released a freeware game titled Line Wars in 1989 based on the original Elite video game engine. The first game released by Safari was Jason Storm in Space Chase in 1993. After developing several titles, Safari made a partner ship with Epic MegaGames (now Epic Games) to distribute titles they would publish, the first game to be released under this arrangement was P-Squared Productions Traffic Department 2192 released in 1994. However in certain regions where Epic had limited distribution abilities, such as Australia Safari utilized other companies such as Manaccom.

1995 and 1996 were profitable years for Safari with the success of publishing such titles as Highway Hunter and Seek & Destroy coupled with the Shareware model and advertising provided by Epic MegaGames. In 1997, Epic MegaGames bought out Safari entirely absorbing their publishing facilities into the company. Several more popular titles published by Safari were continued to be sold via the rebranded Safari Software on the Epic Games website, however in 2001, due to little demand, Epic stopped selling them directly. Epic Classics [1], a division of Epic Games still sells Seek & Destroy. All software copyrights of games published by Safari are still held by Epic Games.


Select list of titles by Safari Software

  • Jason Storm in Space Chase (1993) (Developed by Safari Software)
  • (1994) (Developed by Jeffrey Fullerton & Safari Software)
  • Traffic Department 2192 (1994) (Developed by P-Squared Productions)
  • Line Wars II (1994) (Developed by Safari Software)
  • Highway Hunter (1995) (Developed by Omega Integral Systems)
  • Seek and Destroy (1996) (Developed by Vision Software)


External links

  • Closed Official Website at Archive.org
  • Epic Classics
  • Jeffrey Fullerton’s homepage.
  • Patrick Aalto’s homepage, has been inactive since December 1999.

Estate corporation based in Cathall

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 13th, 2008

Cathall is a Community-based Housing Association housing estate of the Cathall ward, Leytonstone, East London.


History

Cathall estate was built in 1972, consisting of two 20-storey tower blocks and a huge maze of 8-storey flats. It became one of Britain’s poorest areas with extreme levels of poverty and crime.

In the late 1990s, the estate began to be regenerated into a low-rise housing estate by the Waltham Forest Housing Action Trust and Community-based Housing Association. Similar Housing Action Trust schemes were set up across Waltham Forest and Tower Hamlets in East London, Brent in West London, Liverpool, Hull and Birmingham.

Following the removal of the tower blocks, Cathall’s most prominent feature is now its leisure centre.


Notoriety

Cathall Estate become somewhat a notorious area with the most notable murder being that of 19 year old Jamaican woman Cassandra Higgins who was killed by Yardie gangsters after being stripped naked and thrown from an eighteenth-floor window Geoff Small, Ruthless: The Global Rise of the Yardies.


References

Think about the property Equitable conversion

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 13th, 2008

Equitable conversion is a doctrine of the law of real property under which a purchaser of real property becomes the equitable owner of title to the property at the time he/she signs a contract binding him/her to purchase the land at a later date. The seller retains legal title of the property prior to the date of conveyance, but this land interest is considered personal property (a right to the payment of money, rather than a right to the property). The risk of loss is then transferred to the buyer — if a house on the property burns down after the contract has been signed, but before the deed is conveyed, the buyer will nevertheless have to pay the agreed-upon purchase price for the land. Such issues can and should be avoided by parties by stipulating in the contract who will bear the loss in such occurrences. The above rule varies by jurisdiction, but is the general rule.


Effect of death of a party

If one of the parties dies after the contract for sale of the property has been executed, the doctrine will govern how that party’s interest will pass to his heirs. For example, the seller wills his real property to his son, and his personal property to his daughter. If the seller dies after the contract for conveyance is signed, his interest in the land will be treated as personal property, and will pass to his daughter.

New York Law does not recognize equitable conversion.

Market. Examples include income Guaranteed Investment Certificate

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 12th, 2008

A Guaranteed Investment Certificate is a Canadian investment that offers a guaranteed rate of return over a fixed period of time, most commonly issued by trust companies or banks. Due to its low risk profile, the return is generally less than other investments such as stocks, bonds, or mutual funds.

GICs can be Registered or Non Registered, and come in many forms, from conventional term deposits to market investments. GIC’s regularly have lifespans of 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 year terms. At maturity they can be cashed as taxable income or renewed for another term. Usually, regular term deposits for financial institutions carry an interest rate from 1-5% pending on the various factors, such as the length of the term and specified interest rates from the Bank of Canada.

However, other GICs such as Market Growth GICs or Market Stock-Indexed GICs have their interest rates determined by the rate of growth of a specific stock market (such as the TSX or S&P 500). For example; if the TSX has a market growth increase of 30% in 3 years, beginning at the same point in time the GIC was issued, the GIC will return with an interest of 30%. However, unlike other GICs there is always a possibility that the market could perform poorly, having even no growth at all, in which the interest rate could return at 0%. Just like regular GICs, Market Growth GICs are risk-free; your capital is guaranteed to remain intact, even if the stock market shrinks.


See also

  • Certificate of deposit


External Links

  • Investor Education Fund - GICs and Savings Bonds

Real estate Real Land description

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 11th, 2008

A Land description consists of the written words which delineate a specific piece of real property. Also known as a “Legal Description”, land descriptions within the United States can generally be classified as one of five basic types:

  • Metes and bounds
  • “Bounded By” description
  • An aliquot part of the US Public Land Survey System
  • Lot and Block survey system or lot shown on a similar subdivision map
  • A strip description

In the written transfer of real property, it is universally required that the instrument of conveyance (deed) include a written description of the property.


External links

  • Real Property Legal & Vesting Report - Property Legal Description and Vesting report.

A specific segment of Trifocal

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 11th, 2008

Trifocals are eyeglasses where the lenses have 3 regions to correct for distance, intermediate (arm’s length), and near vision. They are mostly used by people with advanced presbyopia who have been prescribed 2 diopters or more of reading addition. The intermediate addition is normally half the reading addition. So, for someone with a distance prescription of -4 diopters and a reading addition of +3, the reading portion of their trifocals would have a net power of -1, and the intermediate segment would be -2.5 diopters.

Trifocal lenses are made in similar styles to bifocals, but with an additional segment for intermediate vision above the reading section. A common style is the 7×28 flat-top or D-shaped segment, 28 mm wide, with a 7 mm high intermediate segment. Larger intermediate segments are available, and are particularly useful for people who spend a lot of time using computers.

Trifocals are becoming rarer as more people choose to wear progressive lenses.

Donald Rumsfeld is a trifocal-wearer.

Which potential buyers think Pacemaker action potential

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 10th, 2008

A pacemaker action potential is the kind of action potential that provides a reference rhythm for the network. This contrasts with pacemaker potential or current which drives rhythmic modulation of firing rate.

Some pacemaker action potentials generate rhythms for the heart beat (sino-atrial node) or the circadian rhythm in the suprachiasmatic nucleus.

ERA was founded by Ryakunin

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 10th, 2008

Ryakunin (暦仁) was a Japanese era after Katei and before En’ō that spanned from 1238 to 1239. The reigning emperor was Emperor Shijō.

Ryakunin 1st 2nd
Gregorian 1238 1239

Types of buyer. Bulk sale

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 9th, 2008

For food sold by weight in stores, see bulk bins.

A bulk sale is a sale of goods by a business that represents all or substantially all of its inventory to a single buyer unless such a sale would be common in the ordinary course of its business. In order to protect the purchaser from claims made by creditors of the seller, the seller must usually complete an affidavit outlining its secured and unsecured creditors. The affidavit must usually be filed with a government department, such as a court office. Such procedures are outlined in the bulk sales act of most jurisdictions. If the buyer does not complete the registration process for a bulk sale, creditors of the seller may obtain a declaration that the sale was invalid against the creditors and the creditors may take possession of the goods or obtain judgment for any proceeds the buyer received from a subsequent sale.

Bulk sales legislation came into place to prevent the fraudulent practice of selling the entire inventory of a farm or a store in order to defeat the claims of creditors who would otherwise be able to seize the goods to satisfy a debt. Under traditional fraudulent conveyance law, such a sale was not void against creditors unless it was made in bad faith for insufficient consideration. However, a bulk sale would generally allow a storekeeper to abscond with money while leaving creditors unpaid. However, because such a transaction was generally at arm’s length, was for appropriate consideration, and may have been made in good faith, it was generally binding on creditors until bulk sales statutes were passed. Bulk sales legislation, such as Article Six of the Uniform Commercial Code was designed to eliminate this type of fraud.http://www.law.cornell.edu/ucc/6/ Article 6 of the Uniform Commercial Code

For example, in the ordinary course of business, a car dealer would sell a number of cars in one day. In extraordinary circumstances, it might sell its entire inventory to different buyers within a short period of time. However, if it attempted to sell all its cars to a single buyer, this would be considered a bulk sale, as it is not something an auto dealer would generally do in the normal course of business.

However, not all sales in bulk are outside of the ordinary course of business. For example, farmers often have agreed well in advance of harvesting their crop to sell it to a single buyer. This is a normal part of farming practice. However, a dairy farmer, although he might sell his milk in bulk, would never sell his dairy cows in bulk in the normal course of business.

The sale of an entire inventory is not a bulk sale if it is sold to buyers in a manner that ensures adequate consideration. For example, if a merchant holds an auction sale for the entire contents of the business and the sale is in good faith, the buyer in not required to comply with bulk sales legislation. However, the buyer of a business with inventory would be expected to complete the bulk sales registration as part of the normal course of closing the sale. Similarly, if a merchant has a deep discount sale, that is not a bulk sale as deep discounts can be made in the ordinary course of business.

In the modern era, many retail businesses operate on consignment or short credit terms, so compliance with bulk sales registration in the purchase of such a business, or its assets, is generally mandatory. For example, in a typical convenience store, generally the terms of sale are on consignment (return for full credit, pay for what you keep) or 30 days net (pay 30 days after delivery), with very little cash up front. As such, little of the inventory in a convenience store has actually been paid for by the merchant, and suppliers expect to be paid out of the ongoing cash flow of the business.


References

Houses and luxury homes. Agawan Festival

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 9th, 2008

The Agawan Festival is an annual agricultural festival held in Sariaya, Quezon, Philippines every 15th May.

The festival name, Agawan, is of recent development. It was the idea of Rev. Fr. Raul Enriquez, now the town’s parish priest, president of its tourism council and the proponent of the town’s quadricentennial celebration in 1999.

The name describes the main feature of the fiesta procession. As the parade winds its way through the streets, people snatch the goodies and other produce hanging on the houses they pass by or on a pabitin, specially made for the parade. At the same time, people in the houses throw food, fruits and money into the parade.

Before the parade, nearby residents decorate the outside of their homes. Colorful buntal hats are festooned all over the façade of houses. String beans are draped on windows to make curtains and banana trees are used to adorn fences. The primary, and most traditional, element in the decoration was the bagakay, or young bamboo branches from which junk food, fruits, candies and money were hung for people to snatch as they pass by.

People say no matter how high the bagakays are, they would bow when the image of San Isidro Labrador passes by, allowing people to grab the goodies.

Estate condos equestrian Cambodia at the 1956 Summer Olympics

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 9th, 2008

Cambodia competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1956 Summer Olympics. Cambodia did not send any athletes to Melbourne, Australia where most of the Games events were held, but two Cambodian riders competed in the equestrian events held in Stockholm, Sweden earlier that year.


Results by event


Equestrian

Grand Prix Jumping
  • Isoup Ghanty (riding Flatteur II) → did not finish
  • Pen Saing (riding Pompon) → did not finish


References

Independent subsidiary Chiswick Records

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 9th, 2008

Chiswick Records was a British record company started by Roger Armstrong and Ted Carroll in 1975 as a subsidiary of Rock On Records. Shortly after Trevor Churchill joined it was incorporated into Swift Records Ltd. Two years later it entered into a licensing deal with EMI. Subsidiary Ace Records was started in 1981, and Chiswick closed a bit later.

Hit artists include Sniff ‘n’ the Tears, Motörhead, and The Damned.


See also

  • List of record labels


External links

  • A history of Chiswick Records

By ethnicity nationality Moru

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 7th, 2008

Moru is an ethnic group of Sudan. Most of them live in Equatoria. They speak Moru, a Nilo-Saharan language. Many members of this ethnicity are Christians. The population of this ethnicity possibly does not exceed 100,000.

MORU is the most educated tribe in the Equatoria Region

Agent Real estate Estate in land

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 5th, 2008

An estate in land is an interest in real property that is or may become possessory.

This should be distinguished from an “estate” as used in reference to an area of land, and “estate” as used to refer to property in general.

In property law, the rights and interests associated with an estate in land may be conceptually understood as a “bundle of rights” because of the potential for different parties having different interests in the same real property.


Categories of estates

Estates in land can be divided into four basic categories:

  1. Freehold estates: rights of ownership

    • fee simple (fee simple absolute)—most rights, least limitations, indefeasible
    • fee tail—inalienable rights of inheritance
    • conditional, defeasible, or determinable fee—voidable ownership
    • life estate—ownership for duration of someone’s life
  2. Leasehold estates: rights of possession and use but not ownership. The lessor (owner/landlord) gives this right to the lessee (tenant). There are four categories of leasehold estates:
    1. estate for years (tenancy for years)—lease of any length with specific begin and end date
    2. periodic estate (periodic tenancy)—automatically renewing lease (month to month, week to week)
    3. estate at will (tenancy at will)—leasehold for no fixed time or period. It lasts as long as both parties desire. Termination is bilateral (either party may terminate at any time) or by operation of law.
    4. tenancy at sufferance—created when tenant remains after lease expires and becomes a holdover tenant, converts to holdover tenancy upon landlord acceptance; see Forcible Entry and Detainer Statutes
    • Types of leases:

      • gross lease
      • net lease
      • percentage lease
  3. Statutory estates: created by law
    • community property
    • homestead
    • dower—interest a wife has in the property of her husband
    • curtesy—interest a husband has in the property of his wife
    • tenancy by entirety
  4. Equitable Estates: neither ownership nor possession
    • lien

      • general
      • specific
    • easement
      • easement in gross
      • easement appurtenant
        • ingress
        • egress

Farm property Agile Property

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 5th, 2008

Agile Property Holdings Limited (雅居樂地產控股有限公司) is a land developers of Guangdong Province, China. It was established in 1985 as a furniture maker in Zhongshan City, and entered the property business in 1992. On December 15,2005, Agile Property was listed on the [[Hong Kong Stock Exchange

Examples include income property Uniform property

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 5th, 2008

In the mathematical field of topology a uniform property or uniform invariant is a property of a uniform space which is invariant under uniform isomorphisms.


Uniform properties

  • every topological property is a uniform property
  • precompactness (sometimes called totally bounded)
  • completeness, every Cauchy sequence has a limit point
  • uniform connectedness (in older literature called cantor connectendess)

Independent subsidiary of State Street Bank and Trust Company

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 4th, 2008

The State Street Bank and Trust Company is a bank. It was a subsidiary of the State Street Corporation, until it sold off the retail banking portion of this unit in 1999 to Citizens Financial Group (a subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Scotland), of Providence, RI. The retail banking and commercial lending units were sold for $350 million.

In 1999, State Street Bank and Trust Company had four branches and just over $1 billion in assets.


See also

  • State Street decision (1998 U.S. patent law decision)

Houses and luxury Lexus JX

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 4th, 2008

The Lexus JX (VX in Japan) is a mid-size luxury SUV to be released by Lexus under the JX badge for the 2008 model year and as part of the VX badge for the 2007 model year.

It is rumored to be an all-new crossover SUV that fits between Lexus’ RX- and GX-series. With influenced styling from the Lexus LF-X concept, expect this sporty crossover to be competing with the Audi Q7 and Mercedes-Benz GL-Class crowd. With the new Lexus 4.6L engines out, expect the name to be JX 460.

The JX will be based on the Lexus GS and powered by a 4.3 L V8 engine. With this engine, it is possible that the model will actually be named JX 430 (VX 430) by the time it reaches production. Hybrid versions are also expected.

Styling is to be influenced by the Calty Design Research concept Lexus LF-X, formerly designated HPX.

Property waterfront homes beach Public property

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 4th, 2008

Public property is land which is owned by a government or community, as opposed to private property, which is any property than is not public property, which may be owned by individuals, groups of individuals (such as corporation). In many republican democracies, “public property” is said to be owned by the people as a commons. (In other types of state, such property is said to be owned by the “state” or the “crown”.)

Most public property is accessible to the general public, such as zoos, libraries, and parks; some is reserved for restricted use, such as military bases and research laboratories.


See also

  • Public space

Or socio-economic group Economic disaster

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 4th, 2008

An Economic disaster is the widespread disruption or collapse of a national or regional economy, possibly causing financial panic, hoarding, famine, hyperinflation, political upheaval or revolution. Some of these occurrences are short-lived, while others last many years. Economic disasters are rarely the product of purely economic forces such as the stock market or monetary policy. Political and natural forces, such as hurricanes or droughts, can also play roles.

Real estate broker Appraiser

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 4th, 2008

An appraiser (from Latin appretiare, to value), is one who sets a value upon property,
real or personal. In England the business of an appraiser is usually combined with that of an auctioneer, while the
word itself has a similar meaning to that of “valuer.” (See Auction, Valuation (finance).)

In the United States, the most common usage relates to real estate appraisals, while the term is often used to describe a person specially appointed by a judicial or quasi-judicial authority to put a valuation on property, e.g. on the items of an inventory of the estate (law) of a deceased person or on land taken for public purposes by the right of eminent domain. Appraisers of imported goods and boards of general appraisers have extensive functions in administering the customs laws of the United States. Merchant appraisers are sometimes appointed temporarily under the revenue laws to value where there is no resident appraiser without holding the office of appraiser (U.S. Rev. Stats. § 2609).


See also

  • Appraisal
  • Real estate appraisal


References

Property garden real estate Transfer tax

Posted in Uncategorized by admin on the August 4th, 2008

A transfer tax is a tax on the passing of title to property from one person (or entity) to another.

In a narrow legal sense, a transfer tax is essentially a transaction fee (often relatively small in relation to the value of property) imposed on the transfer of title to property. This kind of tax is typically imposed where there is a legal requirement for registration of the transfer, such as transfers of real estate, shares, or bond. Examples of such taxes include some forms of stamp duty, real estate transfer tax, and levies for the formal registration of a transfer. In some jurisdictions, transfers of certain forms of property require confirmation by a notary. While notarial fees may add to the cost of the transaction, they are not a transfer tax in the strict sense of the term.

In the United States, the term transfer tax also refers to Estate tax and Gift tax. Both these taxes levy a charge on the transfer of property from a person (or that person’s estate) to another without consideration. In 1900, the United States Supreme Court in the case of Knowlton v. Moore, 178 U.S. 41 (1900), confirmed that the estate tax was a tax on the transfer of property as a result of a death and not a tax on the property itself. The taxpayer argued that the estate tax was a direct tax and that, since it had not been apportioned among the states according to population, it was unconstitutional. The Court ruled that the estate tax, as a transfer tax (and not a tax on property by reason of its ownership) was an indirect tax. In the wake of Knowlton the Internal Revenue Code of the United States continues to refer to the Estate tax and the related Gift tax as “Transfer taxes.”

In this broader sense, estate tax, gift tax, capital gains tax, sales tax on goods (not services), and certain use taxes are all transfer taxes because they involve a tax on the transfer of title.

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